Silvia Liverani
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Notes on Linux

Merging pdf files

The command below merges two pdf files (file1.pdf and files2.pdf) into one file (output.pdf).

gs -dBATCH -dNOPAUSE -q -sDEVICE=pdfwrite -sOutputFile=output.pdf file1.pdf file2.pdf


Keyboard problems with NXClient

When the keyboard gets wrongly handled on NXClient sessions, I have found the following workaround that works in my case.

Go to 'Start >> Settings >> Regional & Accessibility >> Keyboard layout' and change the 'Keyboard model' to another one. In my case I have fixed my problems using either 'Evdev - managed keyboard' or 'Generic 104-key PC'.


Tricks for the Linux shell

As far as I am aware (so I am sure there are many more tricks!) there are three ways to get the Linux shell to help you to write a command:

  • Start the first few characters of the command line that you intend to write and then click on TAB for autocompletion. This is very useful. Otherwise, a double click on TAB gives a list of possibilities for the completion of the characters that have already been typed into the shell. I find this really useful when browsing folders looking for files or when I use a short command line.
  • An alternative, to find a command that has been typed recently, is to use the up-arrow to retrieve the command that was last used and the one before that and so on. This is very useful when the same commands are used more than once in a short period of time.
  • The one that I find the most useful is CTRL+r. This looks at the history of commands typed into the shell. In the shell, type CTRL+r and then start typing the command that you want to execute. The shell will then match what you are typing with other command lines that you have typed in the past. I think this is a life saver for those complicated command lines that take me a few minutes to figure out, but that then I can easily retrieve and use again, even after a long period of time.